La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 17 octobre 2019 à 16:22. Vertical ground surface deformation derived by the revised 1707 Hoei earthquake source model: (a) an extended source model produced by adding a new N5 subfault segment at the Hyuga‐nada and (b) a subfault model with segment N5′ shortened in the direction perpendicular to the trench. The sea waves were as high as 25 m to hammer into the Pacific coasts of Kyushyu, Shikoku and Honshin. The onshore height of the tsunami, more than 8 m, is several times larger than the height of the initial tsunami above the source area. The tsunami caused by the Meiō Nankaidō earthquake washed away the building housing the statue of the … Then, for several tens of years after the earthquake, gradual upheaval of the ground surface occurs and it recovers the subsided ground surface to a normal level and preserves tsunami deposits by protecting from erosion by sea waves or rains for the long periods of time during the interearthquake cycle. The first recorded tsunami in Japan, it hit on November 29, 684 on the shore of the Kii Peninsula, Nankaido, Shikoku, Kii, and Awaji region. Nankaido, Japan A magnitude 8.4 earthquake caused sea waves as high as 25 m to go into the Pacific coasts of Kyushyu, Shikoku and Honshin. A set of tsunami trains with large water fluxes might transport sea sand into the lake very effectively and the relatively slow return current from the lake would leave those sea deposits in the lake. in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES), Journal of Geophysical Research The tsunami lasts for several tens of minutes after the earthquake. Tsunami in Japan . Also shown are the distributions of maximum tsunami inundation height derived from the simulation of the new Hoei earthquake source model (red lines) and the former Hoei earthquake model (black lines). Oct 28, 1707. Location of Ryujin Lake is shown by the triangle. Japan: Chūbu region, Kansai region, Shikoku, Kyūshū: Tsunami: yes: Casualties >5,000: The 1707 Hōei earthquake happened at 14:00 local time on 28 October 1707. Oct 28, 1707. The history of Nankai Trough earthquake occurrences can be traced through 11 events, beginning with the Hakuho Nankai earthquake in AD 684 [e.g., Ishibashi, 2004; Ando, 1975]. A total of nearly 30,000 buildings were damaged in the affected regions and about 30,000 people were killed due to this disaster. It was the largest earthquake in Japanese history. [8] Recent developments of the Japanese GEONET nation‐wide GPS network illustrating the pattern of present ground deformation which is considered to be undergoing recovery process of post‐Nankai Trough earthquake. Red arrows denote the speed of the water flow. [2003] and others from the westernmost end of Shikoku to Hyuga‐nada, where strong interplate coupling has been found by studies using the GEONET data. A total of nearly 30,000 buildings were damaged in the affected regions and about 30,000 people were killed. Our newly simulated tsunami height of approximately 6 m at Ryujin Lake also confirms the interpretation of Okamura et al. The fault rupture pattern is described as either simultaneous or individual ruptures of each earthquake segment. Even though the inflow speed is very large in the channel it should be noted that the speed drops dramatically as it leaves the channel side. Slip parameters on major thrusts at a convergent plate boundary: regional heterogeneity of potential slip distance at the shallow portion of the subducting plate. The Hyuga-nada Earthquake on June 30th, 1498 is a Fake Earthquake. On tsunami sediment transport modeling and uncertainties津波土砂移動数値解析の不確実性と地形復元について. However, the level of ground subsidence in the area around Ryujin Lake derived by the new model is several times larger than we expected (60 cm). The MW 9.0 Tohoku Earthquake, Japan, March 11, 2011. Application of Vector-Type Super Computer to Understanding Giant Earthquakes and Aftershocks on Subduction Plate Boundaries. This implies that the source rupture area of the Nankai subfault segments might not stop at the westernmost end of Shikoku as most source models assume [Ando, 1975; Aida, 1981; An'naka et al., 2003], but may extend further, to Hyuga‐nada. The computational time step is set at Dt = 0.6 s to satisfy FDM simulation stability conditions. INVESTIGATION OF TSUNAMI SOURCE OF THE 1498 MEIO TOKAI EARTHQUAKE FOCUSING ON THE TSUNAMI TRACE IN SURUGA BAY. International Symposium on Geodesy for Earthquake and Natural Hazards (GENAH). Ryujin Lake is one such onshore lake that has tsunami‐induced oceanic deposits (hereafter called tsunami lakes), located along the coast of the Hyuga‐nada in Kyushu. NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS FOR IMPACTS OF TIDES ON TSUNAMI PROPAGATIONS IN THE SETO INLAND SEA. [1999] support the evidence that seismic energy is now accumulating there that may cause a large earthquake in the future. Les mégaséismes du chevauchement de Nankai tendent à se produire par pairs, avec un laps de temps relativement court entre eux. A systematic review of geological evidence for Holocene earthquakes and tsunamis along the Nankai-Suruga Trough, Japan. The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. Finally, this study suggests that earthquake rupture extent along the Nankai Trough may not be as limited as previously described: as combinations of subfaults to produce Nankai, Tonankai, or Tokai earthquakes, or as a grand combination of subfaults N1–N4 to produce a larger earthquake. On the other hand, the radiation of the tsunami from the N5′ subfault is very weak in the direction parallel to the trench axis (i.e., southwest to northeast). Such ground surface upheaval occurs mostly at sea but some can be found on land, including at Cape Muroto, Cape Shiono, and along the coast of Suruga Bay. Then the height of water surface suddenly rises after 20 min from the time of the earthquake, and at 25 min the height of water surface is at its maximum level of approximately 5 m above mean sea level. Seismicity and structural heterogeneities around the western Nankai Trough subduction zone, southwestern Japan. The tsunami traveled across the Atlantic Ocean as well. Geophysics, Mathematical Nankaido Japan 28 October 1707 A magnitude 84 earthquake caused tsunamis as. and you may need to create a new Wiley Online Library account. In Figure 4a (T = 1 min) the development of tsunami above the Hoei earthquake source segment (N1–4) is very striking, with an uplift of the sea surface of approximately 3 m over the Nankai Trough. We calculated the Shields number at the middle point of the channel at 2 m deep assuming a Manning's roughness coefficient of n = 0.025 m−1/3 s, a sea sand density of r = 1.65 g/cm3, and median particle diameter for the sea sand of d50 = 0.4 mm. To open auxiliary materials in a browser, click on the label. [23] We also consulted recent studies on the spatial distribution of interplate coupling rates along the Nankai Trough [e.g., Hashimoto et al., 2009; Ichitani et al., 2010; Nishimura et al., 1999; T. Hashimoto, http://www.jamstec.go.jp/esc/projects/fy2009/12-hashi.html]. Nankaido, Japan Estimated Number of Deaths: 31,000 Year: 1498. The tsunami deposits at Ryujin Lake in Kyushu left by large tsunamis from the 684 Tenmu, 1361 Shohei, and 1707 Hoei earthquakes, attest to such a hyperearthquake cycle. 7. We then reexamine the source model of the Hoei earthquake based on recent objective data derived by the geological and geodetic investigations mentioned above. Estimating a Tsunami Source by Sediment Transport Modeling: A Primary Attempt on a Historical/1867 Normal‐Faulting Tsunami in Northern Taiwan. Sanriku, Japan - 15 June 1896. Number of times cited according to CrossRef: Identifying storm surge deposits in the muddy intertidal zone of Ena Bay, Central Japan. In Tosa, 11,170 houses were washed away, and 18,441 people drowned. The affected areas were Kyushu, Shikoku, Honshin, and Osaka. Physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists, I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of Use, Numerical experiments for the tsunamis generated off the coast of the Nankaido district, Source mechanisms and tectonic significance of historical earthquakes along the Nankai Trough, Japan, Characteristics of great earthquakes along the Nankai trough based on numerical tsunami simulation, The slip distribution of the 1946 Nankai earthquake estimated from tsunami inversion using a new plate model, High precision slip distribution of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake inferred from tsunami waveforms: Possible slip on a splay fault, Time series analysis of the tsunamis caused by Hoei and Ansei Nankai earthquake in Yonouzu, Oita prefecture, east central Kyushu, Historical materials of the tsunamis in Yonouzu village, southern part of Oita prefecture, southwest Japan, which were caused by earthquakes of October 28, 1707 and November 24, 1854, Possible splay fault slip during the 1946 Nankai earthquake, Splay fault and megathrust earthquake slip in the Nankai Trough, Mechanism of underthrusting in southwest Japan: A model of convergent plate interactions, IUGG/IOC TIME PROJECT: Numerical Method of Tsunami Simulation With the Leap‐Frog Scheme—Part 1: Shallow Water Theory and Its Difference Scheme, Manuals and Guides, Consideration of “giant Nankai earthquake” suggested by deposits in a lagoon in Oita prefecture by means of tsunami simulation, Interplate coupling in southwest Japan inferred from GPS data inversion, Vertical displacement in a tsunami source area and the topography of the sea bottom, Sources of large tsunamis in southwest Japan, Field investigation of historical tsunamis along the east coast of Kyushu, West Japan, Repeating short‐ and long‐term slow slip events with deep tremor activity around Bungo channel region, southwest Japan, Rupture process of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake (Ms 8.1) from the inversion of teleseismic and regional seismograms, Spatial variation of slip deficit rate at the Nankai Trough, southwest Japan inferred from three‐dimensional GPS crustal velocity fields—Repeated geodetic inversion analyses for the shifted target area, Amplification of tsunami heights by delayed rupture of great earthquakes along the Nankai trough, Specification of a soon‐to‐occur seismic faulting in the Tokai district, central Japan, based upon seismotectonics, Earthquake Prediction: An International Review, Tectonic implications of the 1944 Tonankai and the 1946 Nankaido earthquake, Crustal Deformations as Deduced From Mareographic Data, An effect of giant earthquake scenarios at the Nankai trough on a tsunami hazard, Overview of Holocene tsunami deposits along the Nankai, Suruga, and Sagami troughs, southwest Japan, The displacement fields of inclined faults, Nankai earthquakes recorded in tsunami sediments during the last 5000 years, Three‐dimensional splay fault geometry and implications for tsunami generation, Reexamination of the heights of the 1606, 1707 and 1854 Nankai tsunamis along the coast of Shikoku Island, An overview of onshore tsunami deposits in coastal lowland and our sedimentological criteria to recognize them, Earthquake‐Induced Event Deposits. B2 (Coastal Engineering). FDM Simulation of Seismic Waves, Ocean Acoustic Waves, and Tsunamis Based on Tsunami-Coupled Equations of Motion. If you do not receive an email within 10 minutes, your email address may not be registered, Sedimentological records of the C.E. Organochemical characteristics of carbonaceous materials as indicators of heat recorded on an ancient plate‐subduction fault. Impacts of tides on tsunami propagation due to potential Nankai Trough earthquakes in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. A total of nearly 30,000 buildings were damaged and about 30,000 people were killed. Casualties. Un autre moyen d'estimation de la puissance du séisme est le degré des dommages et de la hauteur des inondations liés à un tsunami et les tsunamis enregistrés dans des lieux éloignés, comme à Nagasaki et à Jeju-do en Corée du Sud[13]. It had a magnitude estimated at 8.6 Ms and triggered a large tsunami. Imaging of the subducted Kyushu-Palau Ridge in the Hyuga-nada region, western Nankai Trough subduction zone. Composition and Structure, Atmospheric The death toll associated with this event is uncertain, but between 5,000 and 41,000 casualties were reported. However, another source model for this event based on strong ground motion and teleseismic waveform data shows a large fault slip only in the eastern part (N3) of the Nankai earthquake fault segment [Murotani, 2007]. Manila subduction zone: model simulation using the Accretionary Prism derived from the GEONET Real-Time Processing.... It is one of the sea waves were counted between 3 pm and 4,. Gnss/A Observations mass movement deposits on the tsunami during the 1854 Ansei–Tokai tsunami estimated from the nationwide GEONET GPS illustrates.: model simulation using the source model of 23 feet ) feet,. Dead, 2600 injured and 100 missing FDM simulation of Long-Period ground Motion for the Nankai zone... 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