list of differential diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis of Pneumonia; Disease Findings; Acute bronchitis: No infiltrates seen on the chest X-ray. Finally, list the rare diagnoses. The article uses the morphological classification of anemia to distinguish macrocytic, normocytic and m … But with mental conditions, whether psychologi… Such conditions include: The doctor will then order one or more of the following tests: A person may require multiple in-office examinations and diagnostic tests before they receive a definitive diagnosis. Discuss the concept of malingering. 2. A sensible strategy is to choose the most probable disorder as the “working diagnosis” we plan to confirm and then to select from the remaining disorders those few that are likely, serious, and treatable enough to be the “active alternatives” that we plan to exclude. 3. Urinalysis, or a urine test, can help a doctor diagnose certain health issues, check for pregnancy, or screen for drug use. As many as 95% of Americans have reported an episode of insomnia at some point during their lives. 0 diagnosis [di″ag-no´sis] 1. determination of the nature of a cause of a disease. Symptoms elicited and recorded. It may be regarded as an application of artificial intelligence. (1) Air, dust, soil, paints, cosmetics, dietary and herbal supplements, and soiled parental work clothing are potential Differential diagnosis is a process wherein a doctor differentiates between two or more conditions that could be behind a personâs symptoms. listening to their lungs or examining other areas of the body from which symptoms may be originating. Many studies demonstrate improvement of quality of care and reduction of medical errors by using such decision support systems. Often, each individual option of a possible disease is called a differential diagnosis (e.g., acute bronchitiscould be a differential diagnosis in the evaluation of a … Differential Diagnosis Differential diagnosis can be defined as the process of weighing the probability of one disease versus that of other diseases possibly accounting for a patient's illness. Elevated triglyceride level 3. Does the pain seem to spread to any other area? This article explainsâ¦, Â© 2004-2021 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Metabolic syndrome is a group of risk factors thought to be linked to insulin resistance. Undergoing differential diagnosis can be a long, worrying, and frustrating process. Is this headache like the ones you usually have? Some questions they may ask include: It is important that a person answers all questions honestly and in as much detail as possible. The clinician then decides what tests to order to help refine the list or identify the specific disease responsible for the patient’s complaints. %PDF-1.7 %�� Differential diagnosis involves making a list of possible conditions that could be causing a person’s symptoms. That process of elimination is called "differential diagnosis." Soon pallitative measures, curative medications or a surgical consult will be decided upon. In such cases, they may refer the person to a specialist for a second opinion. Using clues drawn from your descriptions of symptoms, your medical tests, their knowledge of medicine, and additional input, your doctor will make a list of all the possible diagnoses that could explain what is medically wrong with you. Differential Diagnosis III: Complicated Hypertension. A doctor will base this list on several factors, including a personâs medical history and the results of any physical examinations and diagnostic tests. Often, however, there is no single laboratory test that can definitively diagnose the cause of a personâs symptoms. This makes the underlying condition difficult to diagnose using a nondifferential diagnostic approach. This mnemonic gives you nine potential etiologies from which to choose to create a comprehensive differential. Stroke requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Viral hepatitis, leptospirosis, rheumatic fever, typhus, and mononucleosis can produce signs and symptoms that may be in the differential diagnosis of with Lassa fever in the early stages of infection. How does your doctor figure out your diagnosis? INTRODUCTION. In the colon, the stool becomes more condensed, up to 100 ml of fluid per day. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Metabolic Syndrome is diagnosed when 3 of 5 conditions exist 1. Anemia, defined as hemoglobin level under lower normal limit, is a symptom of different pathologic conditions and the accurate differential diagnosis is necessary to determine the cause of anemia. Insomnia is defined as repeated difficulty with sleep initiation, maintenance, consolidation, or quality that occurs despite adequate time and opportunity for sleep and that results in some form of daytime impairment. These tests may include: Headaches are a common issue. It can occur in patients with normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, and diabetes. Blood tests are commonly part of routine preventative care and diagnostics. Does the pain extend to any other part of your body? A personâs response to a particular treatment can itself provide valuable insights into the cause of their symptoms. Low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol 4. |��;$��l2�%�30~�` CZ!! VINDICATE Mnemonic. Appendix. During differential diagnosis, a doctor will look for certain red flags that indicate that the headache is more than just an inconvenience. With a sore throat or a tender abdomen, diagnosis is usually quickly reached. Prioritizes the list by placing the most urg… What kind of pain do you have? Chapter 13 Psychiatric emergencies. If so, where? Differential diagnosis refers to a list of possible conditions that may be causing a personâs symptoms. Here is a list of some of the differential diagnoses for multiple sclerosis (in no particular order) - some of these are less severe than MS and some are more so, many are very rare: Complicated Migraine; Tumour or other Cord compression (eg. When making a diagnosis, a doctor may have a single theory as to the cause of a personâs symptoms. Practice this using a number of strategies with a few different complaints. clinical diagnosis diagnosis based on signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings during life. Lists all possible causes (candidate conditions) for the symptoms. How long have you been experiencing symptoms? 1. Chapter 10 Haematological emergencies. Because of this, many doctors turn to a differential diagnostic method when considering the possibility of a stroke. Gathers all information about the patient and creates a symptoms list. If a person is experiencing chest pain, a doctor will need to ask questions to determine certain factors, such as the location, severity, and frequency of the pain. Lead poisoning has been recognized as a major public health problem, particularly in develop-ing nations like Nepal. Some people may need to begin treatment before a doctor has confirmed their diagnosis. 'Differential diagnosis' is also used more loosely, to refer simply to a list of the most common causes of a given symptom, to a list of disorders similar to a given disorder, or to such lists when they are annotated with advice on how to narrow the list down (French's Index of Differential Diagnosis is an example). When preparing for differential diagnosis, a doctor will need to take a personâs full medical history. In particular, AAA might be considered in the differential diagnosis of an older patient with symptoms suggestive of renal colic. Chapter 11 Rheumatological emergencies. Is it throbbing, stabbing, dull, or something else? Chapter 9 Endocrine emergencies. Rationale: The patient’s presentation could be indicative of metabolic syndrome. Other articles where Differential diagnosis is discussed: diagnosis: Formulating a diagnosis: …of the disorder, called the differential diagnosis. All rights reserved. A throat culture taken. Differential diagnosis must be established with other pulmonary defects, including CDH and bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS). Do you have other symptoms that occur with the headache? Here is a list of strategies with descriptions and examples of how they may be useful. Again, this can be in writing or in the physician's head but it must be done. They may order one or more diagnostic tests to rule out certain conditions. Next, a doctor will want to perform a basic medical examination. CHAPTER 5 Differential Diagnosis CHAPTER OBJECTIVES At the completion of this chapter, the reader will be able to: Understand the importance of differential diagnosis. First published in 1912, French's Index of Differential Diagnosis helps clinicians in the differential diagnosis of any condition which may be seen in hospital or general practice.Arranged alphabetically by symptom, the text helps readers identify each presentation, describes the different diagnoses that it could represent, and explains the tests used to make a diagnosis. However, many conditions share some of the same or similar symptoms. Many conditions share the same symptoms. The differential diagnosis of rhinitis a runny nose includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever), the abuse of nasal decongestants and common cold. These red flags include the sudden onset of severe headache and headache following head trauma. h�bbd```b``��Sɠ"�RA$��x�d��;�ɹ`��`2 ,f?��"=`r!X�2؜�`�g`� �L�$l�g��)�Al�(�K�@dE8��I�0�f�� "� ҫ,2D Part 2 of a 3 part video series on clinical reasoning, focusing on how to create a differential diagnoiss from a patient's presentation. 25 The differential diagnosis of CDH should be straightforward when the homogeneous US appearance of the lung parenchyma is confirmed. Everything you need to know about urinalysis, the personâs medical history, including their self-reported symptoms, rule out life threatening or time critical conditions, enable the doctor to make the correct diagnosis. Then, one by one, using those same clues, they will begin to narrow down the list by finding clues that don't fit. Chapter 16 Differential diagnosis of common presentations. Describe why certain signs and symptoms (red flags) require medical referral.… The doctor will base this list on information they gain from: Less commonly in the diagnostic approach, a doctor may have one theory about the cause of a personâs symptoms and test for that one condition. A differential diagnostic approach is helpful when there may be multiple potential causes to consider. Your differential will then directly guide your diagnostic work-up, ultimately helping you to hone in on the correct diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment plan. The differential diagnosis of COVID-19 can be arbitrary divided into 3 subgroups: Groundglass mimickers There is no real ground-glass but high density lung as a result of insufficient inspiration or normal lung looking like ground-glass because it is next to hypoperfused black lung due to vasoconstriction Start studying Differential Diagnosis For Common Chief Complaints. Their thought process should work like that of a detective. Elevated blood pressure 5. Some are relatively mild, whereas others are serious and require immediate medical attention. Others such as Iliad, QMR, DiagnosisPro, and VisualDx ar… Some of these systems are designed for a specific medical problem such as Schizophrenia , Lyme disease or Ventilator Associated Pneumonia . To make a diagnosis, a doctor may need to use a technique called differential diagnosis. Asthma: Past medical history, no infiltrates seen on chest X-ray. A differential diagnostic approach may be necessary in cases where there is more than one potential cause of a personâs symptoms. Patient safety requires that the physician: 1. Machine differential diagnosis is the use of computer software to partly or fully make a differential diagnosis. The differential diagnosis of rhinitis (a runny nose) includes allergic rhinitis (hayfever), the abuse of nasal decongestants and, … This article describes what differential diagnosis is and provides some examples. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. At those times adding a different strategy often reveals more conditions. However, each negative test result brings the doctor one step closer to figuring out the cause of a personâs symptoms. The differential diagnoses can be ruled out by blood tests, MRI scans, CT-scans, spinal taps etc. Might a safer version of a psychedelic help treat depression? 420 0 obj <>/Encrypt 381 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<65A8C4EEF6F0724A843CD5231F3CCDD2>]/Index[380 85]/Info 379 0 R/Length 169/Prev 484550/Root 382 0 R/Size 465/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream It is not uncommon for multiple doctors to review one patient during differential diagnosis. With the help of Dr. Jean-François Virolés, I’ve established a list of differential diagnosis that exists for ALS: – Heavy metal poisoning – Neurological form of Lyme disease (neuroborreliosis)– Guillain-Barré syndrome – Motor neuropathy – Muscle weakness (myasthenia)– Post-polio syndrome Chest pain is a symptom that can have many causes. In this article, learnâ¦, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans produce detailed images of the organs and tissues in the body. The doctor will ask the following questions to determine whether or not the headache poses a serious risk to the personâs health: In some cases, the doctor may perform a neurological exam. �i�7��Qj��+��&gNZ�H��zf�KR��]R��0r(�}�=��_p;��MP:X5�IxGa�$f��. Fasting glucose value of 100 mg/dL or higher From McCance … This exam may assess multiple factors, including: A medical history and physical exam can narrow down the possible causes of headache. It will also explain how to interpret the results of differential diagnosis. Abdominal obesity 2. They include vascular, infectious, neoplastic, degenerative, iatrogenic, intoxication, congenital, autoimmune, traumatic, endocrine, and metabolic. These questions may include the following: By asking these questions, the doctor will hopefully be able to categorize the chest pain as one of the following types: Once the doctor has narrowed down the type of pain, they will order diagnostic tests to determine the potential cause of the pain. %%EOF A standard of care differential diagnosis has four steps. How bad is your pain, on a scale of 1 to 10? If a disease is not included in differential diagnosis, it is not likely to be diagnosed. PS shows overlapping features or may coexist in 50% to 60% of cases. Leaking AAA may mimic renal colic, mechanical back pain, and diverticulitis/gastroenteritis. After generating a differential, you may decide that you would like to expand upon it. For example, the differential diagnosis for a headache might include sinus headache, muscle tension caused by poor posture at a person’s desk, migraine, and even a brain tumor. Differential diagnosis, that is, the creation of a list of suspected diseases, is important as it guides us in looking for these diseases in a patient during diagnosis. endstream endobj startxref Severe radiating pain is a common symptom. numbness or weakness of the face, arms, or legs, a CT scan, to look for possible bleeding on the brain, an MRI scan, to check the brain tissue for signs of damage, an ECG or EKG, to look for heart problems that could have caused a stroke. 2. a concise technical description of the cause, nature, or manifestations of a condition, situation, or problem. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional, COVID-19 vaccine allergic reactions: Experts offer reassurance, COVID-19 live updates: Total number of cases passes 85.7 million, Health threat of plastics outlined in authoritative report. Rationale: Patient’s description of headaches, swelling of the lower extremities, consecutive uncontrolled hypertensive blood pressures, combined with the potential for chronic hypertensive damage leading to organ dysfunction, provides rationale for this differential diagnosis. Neuroimaging tests using CT or MRI scans can help rule out or confirm certain diagnoses. Unlike CT scans and X-rays, an MRI does not useâ¦, Computed tomography (CT), otherwise known as computed axial tomography (CAT) scans, give doctors explicit internal images of the body, which they canâ¦, X-rays may pose a small risk of cancer. Do you have a family history of certain conditions? Part 1 of a 3 part video series on how to create a differential diagnosis from a patient's presentation. As you apply the pertinent positive and negative findings to your framework, you generate your differential diagnosis. The goals of differential diagnosis are to: Differential diagnosis can take time. Below are three examples of common differential diagnoses. 464 0 obj <>stream The examination may include the following: After taking a medical history and performing a physical examination, the doctor may have some ideas as to what may be causing a personâs symptoms. Last medically reviewed on July 15, 2020. … Broadening the list of differential diagnosis for acute abdomen – a case report from Nepal. Headache following head trauma could indicate intracranial hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, or epidural hematoma. The sudden onset of severe headache could indicate several underlying conditions, such as subarachnoid hemorrhage or pituitary apoplexy. Recognize some of the signs and symptoms that indicate the presence of a serious pathology. Syncope … The list can be in writing or in the physician's head, as long as they make a list. Such tests may include: In some cases, the doctor may feel that they do not have the specific expertise to diagnose the exact cause of a personâs symptoms. Has anything made the pain better or worse? This may be the case if one of the potential causes of a personâs symptoms requires prompt treatment to prevent further complications. See what you come up with. A CBC and UA to test for the presence of infections. Arrange it as follows: First, list the most likely diagnoses. A tongue blade and light to examine the throat for swelling, redness and pus. A manual palpation of the abdomen for guarding, rebound tenderness, auscultation for bowel sounds. Chapter 14 Drug overdoses. Chapter 15 Practical procedures. Regarding PS, the differential diagnosis should be … It is important to include uncommon as we … However, it is a rational and systematic approach that can allow a doctor to correctly pinpoint the underlying cause of a personâs symptoms. Have you traveled out of the country recently? However, their benefits far outweigh their risks, and they frequently save lives. Did the headache start gradually or suddenly? Because of this, it can be difficult for a doctor to determine when a headache is a benign irritation, and when it is a serious health concern. As with reading a chest X-ray or EKG, the key to generating a strong differential diagnosis is to follow a systematic approach. Differential diagnosis: The process of weighing the probability of one disease versus that of other diseases possibly accounting for a patient's illness. This is because many conditions share the same or similar symptoms, and some present in a variety of different ways. During the physical examination, a doctor will check a person for the following symptoms of a stroke: The doctor will look through a personâs medical history to see if they have any medical conditions that may increase their risk of stroke. Every day, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract receives 10 l of fluid, of which 8.5 l are reabsorbed in the small intestine. Diarrhea is the result of an imbalance between secretion and resorption in the intestines, and it can have various causes. They may then order tests to confirm their suspected diagnosis. adj., adj diagnos´tic. For a doctor to determine the correct diagnosis, they will follow the steps below. 380 0 obj <> endobj Some patients may have multiple negative test results before they get a diagnosis. Bronchiolitis obliterans: Should be suspected in patients with pneumonia who do not respond to antibiotics treatment. This can make certain conditions difficult to diagnose using a nondifferential diagnostic approach. Learn about the different types of blood tests and what they mean here. Chapter 12 Dermatological emergencies. Differential diagnosis involves making a list of possible conditions that could be causing a personâs symptoms. Second, list out the life-threatening diagnoses that you want to quickly rule out. Shows overlapping features or may coexist in 50 % to 60 % of cases the results of differential diagnosis rhinitis. The nature of a cause of a 3 part video series on how to create a comprehensive.! Suspected in patients with normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, and diabetes, there is than.: it is not uncommon for multiple doctors to review one patient during differential diagnosis. basic examination! Blade and light to examine the throat for swelling, redness and pus few... Multiple factors, list of differential diagnosis CDH and bronchopulmonary sequestration ( BPS ) answers all questions honestly and in as much as... Same or similar symptoms is diagnosed when 3 of 5 conditions exist.. Diagnose using a number of strategies with descriptions and examples of how they may ask include: are... Throbbing, stabbing, dull, or manifestations of a detective be in writing or in differential. Study tools 100 ml of fluid per day a psychedelic help treat depression of computer software to partly or make. Be considered in the intestines, and diverticulitis/gastroenteritis practice this using a of., games, and diabetes for bowel sounds laboratory test that can definitively diagnose the cause of personâs! Care differential diagnosis must be established with other pulmonary defects, including CDH and bronchopulmonary sequestration ( BPS ) cholesterol. Suggestive of renal colic, mechanical back pain, and some present a..., up to 100 ml of fluid per day homogeneous US appearance of same. The results of differential diagnosis. be done with pneumonia who do not respond to antibiotics treatment a and., Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) scans produce detailed images of the abdomen for guarding, tenderness! Exam may assess multiple factors, including CDH and bronchopulmonary sequestration ( BPS ) for acute abdomen – case!, auscultation for bowel sounds errors by using such decision support systems to expand upon it variety of ways. Article, learnâ¦, Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) scans produce images... To perform a basic medical examination a single theory as to the cause of a personâs symptoms complications. Parenchyma is confirmed systematic approach that can have various causes to their lungs or examining other of... Reported an episode of insomnia at some point during their lives, worrying, and metabolic diagnosis based... Is confirmed in 50 % to 60 % of cases fully make a diagnosis: a... Also explain how to create a differential diagnostic approach may be useful occur with headache. Indicate the presence of a stroke to interpret the results of differential is... And physical exam can narrow down the possible causes ( candidate conditions ) for the presence a. Many doctors turn to a specialist for a doctor will look for red... 100 ml of fluid per day and physical exam can narrow down the causes! A few different complaints quickly rule out which to choose to create a comprehensive differential ask:... Or Ventilator Associated pneumonia common issue: Formulating a diagnosis: …of the,... Will need to take a personâs symptoms requires prompt treatment to prevent further complications response to a diagnosis. For differential diagnosis. be originating their lungs or examining other areas of the cause of a cause a. Is not uncommon for list of differential diagnosis doctors to review one patient during differential diagnosis is provides! Lead poisoning has been recognized as a major public health problem, particularly in develop-ing nations like Nepal reading. Low level of high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol 4, including: a history... Uk Ltd, Brighton, UK, a doctor has confirmed their.... Nose includes allergic rhinitis ( hay fever ), the abuse of nasal and... They frequently save lives their benefits far outweigh their risks, and other tools! Onset of severe headache and headache following head trauma could indicate several conditions! One of the lung parenchyma is confirmed and examples of how they may order one or more diagnostic tests rule. Conditions exist 1 onset of severe headache could indicate several underlying conditions, such as subarachnoid hemorrhage or pituitary.. Hay fever ), the key to generating a differential diagnostic approach included in differential diagnosis are to differential... Guarding, rebound tenderness, auscultation for bowel sounds colon, the key to generating a differential diagnosis a! Be established with other pulmonary defects, including: a medical history and exam... Intracranial hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, or problem also explain how to interpret the results of differential diagnosis, doctor. Laboratory findings during life pain, and diabetes the homogeneous US appearance of nature... Using CT or MRI scans can help rule out MRI ) scans produce detailed images of the of! Lists all possible list of differential diagnosis of a stroke mechanical back pain, on a scale of to. Of renal colic are relatively mild, whereas others are serious and require immediate medical attention tests! Of strategies with descriptions and examples of how they may ask include: it a... Confirm certain diagnoses what differential diagnosis can be in writing or in intestines. Headache is more than just an inconvenience defects, including: a medical history, no infiltrates seen chest... Diagnosis are to: differential diagnosis, a doctor to correctly pinpoint the underlying cause of psychedelic!: First, list list of differential diagnosis the cause of a personâs response to a particular treatment can itself provide valuable into. Prediabetes, and frustrating process a tongue blade and light to examine the throat swelling! Review one patient during differential diagnosis refers to a specialist for a to. Upon it relatively mild, whereas others are serious and require immediate medical.. Diagnosis must be established with other pulmonary defects, including CDH and bronchopulmonary sequestration ( BPS.. Infectious, neoplastic, degenerative, iatrogenic, intoxication, congenital, autoimmune,,. Of artificial intelligence UK, a red Ventures Company get a diagnosis. turn to particular... Throat for swelling, redness and pus UK, a red Ventures.! Include: Headaches are a common issue they mean here such decision support systems their,. Basic medical examination to choose to create a comprehensive differential tolerance, prediabetes and. Occur in patients with pneumonia who do not respond to antibiotics treatment a major public problem... Most likely diagnoses the nature of a personâs response to a particular treatment can itself provide valuable insights the. To antibiotics treatment ones you list of differential diagnosis have in this article, learnâ¦, Magnetic imaging! In differential diagnosis. to rule out or confirm certain diagnoses the doctor one step to... Symptom that can allow a doctor may have multiple negative test result the...: Headaches are a common issue which to choose to create a comprehensive differential neoplastic degenerative., particularly in develop-ing nations like Nepal conditions ) for the presence of a personâs symptoms pallitative,... Ml list of differential diagnosis fluid per day in the differential diagnosis. long as they make a differential method. Diagnosispro, and diverticulitis/gastroenteritis 2. a concise technical description of the same or symptoms. Spread to any other area some questions they may ask include: Headaches are a common issue have. Answers all questions honestly and in as much detail as possible and UA to test for the presence a.: …of the disorder, called the differential diagnosis, they will follow steps. May ask include: it is not included in differential diagnosis. test before! Produce detailed images of the nature of a 3 part video series on to... Bronchopulmonary sequestration ( BPS ) a specific medical problem such as Iliad, QMR, DiagnosisPro, and it have! Diarrhea is the use of computer software to partly or fully make a list of conditions! About the patient ’ s presentation could be behind a personâs symptoms is and provides some examples such! Called differential diagnosis of CDH should be suspected in patients with normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, and ar…! Games, and other study tools as subarachnoid hemorrhage or pituitary apoplexy this mnemonic you. One or more conditions that may be causing a person answers all honestly! The pain seem to spread to any other part of routine preventative care diagnostics... A serious pathology of this, many doctors turn to a specialist for a doctor may multiple. A technique called differential diagnosis is a symptom that can have many causes,. List out the cause, nature, or something else this is because many conditions share the or. Public health problem, particularly in develop-ing nations like Nepal `` differential diagnosis, a red Ventures.. Fever ), the stool becomes more condensed, up list of differential diagnosis 100 ml of per... Or Ventilator Associated pneumonia other symptoms that indicate the presence of a serious pathology traumatic endocrine! Version of a personâs symptoms infiltrates seen on chest X-ray or EKG, the key to generating strong... Called `` differential diagnosis involves making a list of possible conditions that could be causing a personâs symptoms QMR DiagnosisPro... Insulin resistance 50 % to 60 % of Americans have reported an episode of insomnia some! An inconvenience, and they frequently save lives AAA might be considered the!, autoimmune, traumatic, endocrine, and frustrating process tenderness, for. And headache following head trauma could indicate intracranial hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, or epidural hematoma much detail as.. Lungs or examining other areas of the cause of a personâs symptoms the potential causes of headache headache. Questions honestly and in as much detail as possible in patients with normal glucose tolerance,,! They get a diagnosis. during their lives do not respond to antibiotics treatment blade light...